Heat exchanger



May 20, 1941. F. LUKACS HEAT EXCHANGER Filed July 9, 1938 INVENTOR Fnedrlch LuKacs ATTORNEY Patented May 20, 1941 Application July 9, 1938, Serial No. 218,311 In Germany July 15, 1937 1 Claim.

The invention concerns a heat exchanger which is especially adapted for warming liquids because it is free from narrow tubes or other spaces readily susceptible to obstruction by scale deposits and having walls of sufiicient thickness to be resistive against corrosion.

Known heat exchangers consisting of horizontal cylinders enclosed in each other. and connected to each other in staggered manner have special water-guiding cylinders, but they are very heavy and costly and have dead spaces which by storing air cause corrosion. The same difliculty arises, also with vertical cylinders in which even with artificial circulating devices it is not possible to avoid large air pockets.

My invention consists of horizontal cylinder enclosed in each other and connected to each other alternately on their opposite ends, and of tube connections on the top and bottom portions of each of the two spaces separated by said cylinders. In this exchanger the cool and hot liquids or gases descend and ascend respectively in each space through the large annular chambers formed between the cylinders in slow and quiet streams without pronounced whirls, following the so called thermosyphon principle. All spaces are easily accessible for cleaning, and no air can collect so as to diminish the effective heat exchanging surface and cause corrosion. The straight line of the flow of this whirlless slow stream is especially efi'ective for use with boilers for warming waste water from hot water heating plants.

For warming water with the aid of large storing vessels, the circulating water spaces of one or several of the new heat exchangers are connected to such a separate storing vessel and the exchangers positioned sufliciently high to ensure.

Fig. 2 is a substantially transverse sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1. a

According to Fig. 1, the member separating both fluids is constructed by welding to a flange I a sheet metal cylinder 2 to the opposite end of which, a further sheet metal cylinder 3 of somewhat smaller diameter is welded, and so on,

up to an innermost cylinder 4 which is closed by a bottom 5. This aggregate is mounted in a casing 6 having a bottom 1 and on its free end a fastening flange 8, and a cover 9 having a flange I0 serves for closing the casing. The flange l of the inner member is enclosed between the flanges 8 and. I0 together with interposed tightening rings. These flanges and rings are held together by screw bolts. An upper inlet II and a lower outlet H of the casing 6,serve for inserting the larger right hand space of the heat exchanger:

into the warm water circuit of a heating plant. A lower inlet l3 and an upper outlet 14 of the cover 9 serve for transmitting the water to be warmed for use, which as usual comes from a waterdistributing plant.

In both main spaces of the exchanger the water streams rise and fall very slowly in quiet "layers extending uniformly into the innermost trance l3 ensures in all normal cases a fully effective and regular water stream.

I claim:.

A heat exchanger comprising several substantially horizontal hollow cylinders of difierent diameters arranged in one another so as to form annular spaces and connected in pairs to each other on their alternate ends, casing members forming. two closed spaces separated by said cylinders, one of said casing members being provided with an inlet port for hot liquids at its uppermost portion and an outlet port at its low ermost portion, the other casing member forming a cover adjoined to the outermost cylinder and being provided withan inlet port for the liquid to be heated at its lowermost portion and with an outlet port for heated liquid at its uppermost portion, said latter casing comprising further a small baflle plate terminating short of the cylinder and arranged near said inlet port to deflect the entering stream between the cylinders.

FRIEDRICH LUKACS. 

